PSIKOEDUKASI KELUARGA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MERAWAT PENDERITA SKIZOFRENIA (Literature Review)
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Dec 30, 2022
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Abstract
Background: Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder in the form of difficulty thinking, communicating, interpreting reality, feeling, and showing emotions. Families with schizophrenia are an important part of the patient's recovery process. Family support is needed by people with schizophrenia in motivating them during treatment and treatment. Family psychoeducation is a family mental health treatment therapy by providing information and education through therapeutic communication. Objective: To make a conclusion based on evidence-based findings that discuss the influence of family psychoeducation in improving the ability to care for people with schizophrenia. Method: The method used in this article uses a literature review of the results of 2015-2019 research that has been published in electronic media such as ProQuest, Science Direct, CINAHL, and Pubmed. The number of Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) research articles obtained was only 9 articles that met the criteria. The keywords used are family psychoeducation, schizophrenia, treatment, ability to care. Results: The results of the study obtained that the application of family psychoeducation provides better results to help improve the family's ability to treat schizophrenics and prevent a recurrence. Conclusion: This review concludes that family psychoeducation is recommended to be used to improve the family's ability to care for people with schizophrenia so as to prevent a recurrence. The application of family psychoeducation can be done as one of the interventions for the family and is an easy, simple, and inexpensive professional nursing practice carried out by nurses independently.
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How to Cite
Titi Alfiani, & Iva Puspaneli. (2022). PSIKOEDUKASI KELUARGA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MERAWAT PENDERITA SKIZOFRENIA (Literature Review). Nursing Science Journal (NSJ), 3(2), 110 - 120. https://doi.org/10.53510/nsj.v3i2.142
References
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DEPKES RI. (2018). Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Diakses 18 Juni 2020. http://www.depkes.go.id/resources/download/infoterkin/materi_rakorpop_2018/Hasil%20Riskesdas%202018.pdf
Goodwin GM, Haddad PM, Ferrier IN, et al. (2016). Evidence-based guidelines for treating bipolar disorder: revised third edition recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology. J Psychopharmacol, 30, 495–553. doi: 10.1177/ 0269881116636545.
Halim, Nasrah; Hamid, Achir Yani S. (2020). Psikoedukasi keluarga untuk pencegahan kekambuhan orang dengan gangguan jiwa di Papua. Jurnal keperawatan jiwa, 8 (2), 193 – 202.
Irawan, H. (2013). Gangguan Depresi pada Lanjut Usia. Cermin Dunia Kedokteran, 40 (11), 815–819.
Kusumawaty, I., Yunike., Pastari, M. (2020). Pendampingan Psikoedukasi: Penguatan Caring Oleh Caregiver Keluarga Terhadap Orang Dengan Gangguan Jiwa (Psycheducation Assistance: Strengthening Care By Family Caregiver To People With Mental Disorder), 7. Available at: https://jurnal.poltekkesbanten.ac.i d/Medikes/article/view/206/165.
Kyriopoulos, I.L., Zavras, D., Skroumpelos, A., Mylona, K., Athanasakis, K., Kyriopoulos, J. (2016). Barriers in Access to Healthcare services for chronic patients in times of austerity: An empirical approach in Greece. International Journal Equity Health, 13.
Lima, F., Selau, T., Menegalli, V., Magalhães, P., & Rosa, A. (2017). Brief family psychoeducation program for caregivers of inpatients with severe mental illness. European Psychiatry, 41, S789- S789. doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1511.
Liza, Rini Gusya., Loebis, Bahagia., Camellia, Vita. (2019). Efektivitas intervensi psikoedukasi keluarga terhadap kekambuhan pasien skizofrenia. Majalah Kedokteran Andalas, 43 (3). doi: https://doi.org/10.25077/mka.v42.i3.p128-136.2019.
Manao, Betriz Melva dan Pardede, Jek Amidos. (2019). Beban keluarga berhubungan dengan pencegahan kekambuhan pasien skizofrenia. Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa, 12 (3).
Matsuda M, Kono A. (2015). Development and evaluation of a psychoeducation practitioner training program (PPTP). Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 29:217–22.
McFarlane W. R. (2016). Family interventions for schizophrenia and the psychoses: a review. Family Process, 55(3),460-482. doi:10.1111/famp.12235.
Mirsepassi, Z., Tabatabaee, M., Sharifi, V., & Mottaghipour, Y. (2018). Patient and family psychoeducation: Service development and implementation in a center in iran. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 64 (1), 73-79. doi:10.1177/0020764017747910.
Motlova, LB., et al. (2017). Psychoeducation as an opportunity for patients, psychiatrists, and psychiatric educators: why do we ignore it?. Acad Psychiatry, 41: 447–451. doi: 10.1007/s40596-017-0728-y.
Mottaghipour, Yasaman., & Tabatabaee, Maryam. (2019). Family and patient psychoeducation for severe mental disorder in iran: A review. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 14(1), 84-108.doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v14i1.428
Mubin, Mohammad Fatkhul & Rahayu, Desi Ariyana. (2019). Pengaruh terapi psikoedukasi keluarga skizofrenia paranoid terhadap kepatuhan minum obat pasien. Jurnal Keperawatan, 11(2). doi: 10.32583/keperawatan.v11i2.510
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). (2012). Schizophrenia. www.nimh.nih.gov. Diakses tanggal 12 Januari 2020.
Ngoc, T.N., Weiss, B., & Trung, L.T. (2016). Effects of the Family Schizophrenia Psychoeducation Program for Individuals with Recent Onset Schizophrenia in Viet Nam. Asian Journal Psychiatr, 22: 162– 166. Doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2016.06.001.
Pardede, J. A., & Siregar, R. A. (2016). Pendidikan kesehatan kepatuhan minum obat terhadap perubahan gejala halusinasi pada klien skizofrenia. Mental Health, 3 (1).
Patricia, H., Rahayuningrum, D. C., dan Nofia, V. R. (2019). Hubungan beban keluarga dengan kemampuan caregiver dalam merawat klien skizofrenia. Jurnal Kesehatan Medika Saintika, 10 (2), 45-5.
Pharoah F, Mari J, Rathbone J, Wong W. (2010). Family intervention for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Systematic Review, 8 (12). doi:10.1002/14651858.
Rahmani, F., Ranjbar, F., Ebrahimi, H., & Hosseinzadeh, M. (2015). The effects of group psychoeducational programme on attitude toward mental illness in families of patients with schizophrenia, 2014. Journal of Caring Sciences, 4(3), 243-251. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview/17204 58905?accountid=17242.
Rachmania, D. (2012). Pengaruh psikoedukasi terhadap kecemasan dan koping orang tua dalam merawat anak dengan Thalasemia mayor di RSU Kabupaten Tangerang Banten, Tesis. Universitas Indonesia: Jakarta.
Ran, M., Chan, C. L., Ng, S., Guo, L., & Xiang, M. (2015). The effectiveness of psychoeducational family intervention for patients with schizophrenia in a 14-year follow-up study in a chinese rural area. Psychological Medicine, 45(10), 2197-2204. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291715000197
Sadock, B.J., Sadock, V.A., & Ruiz, P. (2015). Kaplan & Sadock’s Synopsis of Psychiatry (11th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer.
Salcedo S, Gold AK, Sheikh S, et al. (2016). Empirically supported psychosocial interventions for bipolar disorder: current state of the research. J Affect Disord, 201: 203–14. doi:10.1016/j.jad. 2016.05.018.
Smetana, Michal (2020). Nuclear Deviance: stigma politic and the rules of the nonproliferation game. Palgrave macmillan: Springrt Nature, Switzerland, ISBN: 978-3- 030-24225-1.
Sulistyowati, N. (2012). Hubungan pelaksanaan tugas kesehatan keluarga dengan kekambuhan skizofrenia di desa paringan kecamatan jenangan kabupaten ponorogo. Surabaya: Universitas Airlangga.
Sulung, Neila & Foresa, Nice (2018). Efektifitas intervensi psikoedukasi terhadap kepatuhan berobat pasien skizofrenia. REAL in Nursing Journal (RNJ), 1(1): 1-11.
Suherni dan Jama. (2019). Dukungan Keluarga dalam Proses Pemulihan Orang dengan Gangguan Jiwa (ODGJ). Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan Suata Forikes, 10, 2.
Tristiana, R.D., Yusuf, A., Fitryasari, R., Wahyuni, S.D., & Nihayati, H.E. (2018). Perceived barriers on mental health services by the family of patients with mental illness. International journal of nursing sciences, 5: 63-67. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2017.12.003.
Uchino T, Maeda M, Uchimura A. (2012). Psychoeducation may reduce self-stigma of people with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Kurume Med J, 59, 25–31. doi: 10.2739/kurumemedj.59.25.
Villani, M. (2019). Effect of family psychoeducation and access to information on illness negative perceptions: A study on french families of persons experiencing schizophrenia. European Journal of Public Health, 29.
Yuliana, Bheti. (2013). Manajemen psikotik dan kegawatdaruratan psikiatri di layanan primer Edisi 5. Kabupaten Sleman: Jendela Husada.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2016). The ICD-10 international statistical classification of diseases and related health problems, 10th revision, fifth edition. France: WHO.
Wright P, Kraus JE. (2012). Schizophrenia and related disorders. In: Wright P, Stern J, Phelan M, editors. Core psychiatry. 3rd ed. London: Saunders Elsevier, 259-280.
DEPKES RI. (2018). Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Diakses 18 Juni 2020. http://www.depkes.go.id/resources/download/infoterkin/materi_rakorpop_2018/Hasil%20Riskesdas%202018.pdf
Goodwin GM, Haddad PM, Ferrier IN, et al. (2016). Evidence-based guidelines for treating bipolar disorder: revised third edition recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology. J Psychopharmacol, 30, 495–553. doi: 10.1177/ 0269881116636545.
Halim, Nasrah; Hamid, Achir Yani S. (2020). Psikoedukasi keluarga untuk pencegahan kekambuhan orang dengan gangguan jiwa di Papua. Jurnal keperawatan jiwa, 8 (2), 193 – 202.
Irawan, H. (2013). Gangguan Depresi pada Lanjut Usia. Cermin Dunia Kedokteran, 40 (11), 815–819.
Kusumawaty, I., Yunike., Pastari, M. (2020). Pendampingan Psikoedukasi: Penguatan Caring Oleh Caregiver Keluarga Terhadap Orang Dengan Gangguan Jiwa (Psycheducation Assistance: Strengthening Care By Family Caregiver To People With Mental Disorder), 7. Available at: https://jurnal.poltekkesbanten.ac.i d/Medikes/article/view/206/165.
Kyriopoulos, I.L., Zavras, D., Skroumpelos, A., Mylona, K., Athanasakis, K., Kyriopoulos, J. (2016). Barriers in Access to Healthcare services for chronic patients in times of austerity: An empirical approach in Greece. International Journal Equity Health, 13.
Lima, F., Selau, T., Menegalli, V., Magalhães, P., & Rosa, A. (2017). Brief family psychoeducation program for caregivers of inpatients with severe mental illness. European Psychiatry, 41, S789- S789. doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1511.
Liza, Rini Gusya., Loebis, Bahagia., Camellia, Vita. (2019). Efektivitas intervensi psikoedukasi keluarga terhadap kekambuhan pasien skizofrenia. Majalah Kedokteran Andalas, 43 (3). doi: https://doi.org/10.25077/mka.v42.i3.p128-136.2019.
Manao, Betriz Melva dan Pardede, Jek Amidos. (2019). Beban keluarga berhubungan dengan pencegahan kekambuhan pasien skizofrenia. Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa, 12 (3).
Matsuda M, Kono A. (2015). Development and evaluation of a psychoeducation practitioner training program (PPTP). Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 29:217–22.
McFarlane W. R. (2016). Family interventions for schizophrenia and the psychoses: a review. Family Process, 55(3),460-482. doi:10.1111/famp.12235.
Mirsepassi, Z., Tabatabaee, M., Sharifi, V., & Mottaghipour, Y. (2018). Patient and family psychoeducation: Service development and implementation in a center in iran. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 64 (1), 73-79. doi:10.1177/0020764017747910.
Motlova, LB., et al. (2017). Psychoeducation as an opportunity for patients, psychiatrists, and psychiatric educators: why do we ignore it?. Acad Psychiatry, 41: 447–451. doi: 10.1007/s40596-017-0728-y.
Mottaghipour, Yasaman., & Tabatabaee, Maryam. (2019). Family and patient psychoeducation for severe mental disorder in iran: A review. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 14(1), 84-108.doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v14i1.428
Mubin, Mohammad Fatkhul & Rahayu, Desi Ariyana. (2019). Pengaruh terapi psikoedukasi keluarga skizofrenia paranoid terhadap kepatuhan minum obat pasien. Jurnal Keperawatan, 11(2). doi: 10.32583/keperawatan.v11i2.510
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). (2012). Schizophrenia. www.nimh.nih.gov. Diakses tanggal 12 Januari 2020.
Ngoc, T.N., Weiss, B., & Trung, L.T. (2016). Effects of the Family Schizophrenia Psychoeducation Program for Individuals with Recent Onset Schizophrenia in Viet Nam. Asian Journal Psychiatr, 22: 162– 166. Doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2016.06.001.
Pardede, J. A., & Siregar, R. A. (2016). Pendidikan kesehatan kepatuhan minum obat terhadap perubahan gejala halusinasi pada klien skizofrenia. Mental Health, 3 (1).
Patricia, H., Rahayuningrum, D. C., dan Nofia, V. R. (2019). Hubungan beban keluarga dengan kemampuan caregiver dalam merawat klien skizofrenia. Jurnal Kesehatan Medika Saintika, 10 (2), 45-5.
Pharoah F, Mari J, Rathbone J, Wong W. (2010). Family intervention for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Systematic Review, 8 (12). doi:10.1002/14651858.
Rahmani, F., Ranjbar, F., Ebrahimi, H., & Hosseinzadeh, M. (2015). The effects of group psychoeducational programme on attitude toward mental illness in families of patients with schizophrenia, 2014. Journal of Caring Sciences, 4(3), 243-251. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview/17204 58905?accountid=17242.
Rachmania, D. (2012). Pengaruh psikoedukasi terhadap kecemasan dan koping orang tua dalam merawat anak dengan Thalasemia mayor di RSU Kabupaten Tangerang Banten, Tesis. Universitas Indonesia: Jakarta.
Ran, M., Chan, C. L., Ng, S., Guo, L., & Xiang, M. (2015). The effectiveness of psychoeducational family intervention for patients with schizophrenia in a 14-year follow-up study in a chinese rural area. Psychological Medicine, 45(10), 2197-2204. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291715000197
Sadock, B.J., Sadock, V.A., & Ruiz, P. (2015). Kaplan & Sadock’s Synopsis of Psychiatry (11th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer.
Salcedo S, Gold AK, Sheikh S, et al. (2016). Empirically supported psychosocial interventions for bipolar disorder: current state of the research. J Affect Disord, 201: 203–14. doi:10.1016/j.jad. 2016.05.018.
Smetana, Michal (2020). Nuclear Deviance: stigma politic and the rules of the nonproliferation game. Palgrave macmillan: Springrt Nature, Switzerland, ISBN: 978-3- 030-24225-1.
Sulistyowati, N. (2012). Hubungan pelaksanaan tugas kesehatan keluarga dengan kekambuhan skizofrenia di desa paringan kecamatan jenangan kabupaten ponorogo. Surabaya: Universitas Airlangga.
Sulung, Neila & Foresa, Nice (2018). Efektifitas intervensi psikoedukasi terhadap kepatuhan berobat pasien skizofrenia. REAL in Nursing Journal (RNJ), 1(1): 1-11.
Suherni dan Jama. (2019). Dukungan Keluarga dalam Proses Pemulihan Orang dengan Gangguan Jiwa (ODGJ). Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan Suata Forikes, 10, 2.
Tristiana, R.D., Yusuf, A., Fitryasari, R., Wahyuni, S.D., & Nihayati, H.E. (2018). Perceived barriers on mental health services by the family of patients with mental illness. International journal of nursing sciences, 5: 63-67. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2017.12.003.
Uchino T, Maeda M, Uchimura A. (2012). Psychoeducation may reduce self-stigma of people with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Kurume Med J, 59, 25–31. doi: 10.2739/kurumemedj.59.25.
Villani, M. (2019). Effect of family psychoeducation and access to information on illness negative perceptions: A study on french families of persons experiencing schizophrenia. European Journal of Public Health, 29.
Yuliana, Bheti. (2013). Manajemen psikotik dan kegawatdaruratan psikiatri di layanan primer Edisi 5. Kabupaten Sleman: Jendela Husada.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2016). The ICD-10 international statistical classification of diseases and related health problems, 10th revision, fifth edition. France: WHO.
Wright P, Kraus JE. (2012). Schizophrenia and related disorders. In: Wright P, Stern J, Phelan M, editors. Core psychiatry. 3rd ed. London: Saunders Elsevier, 259-280.